Most private civil actions, such as medical malpractice claims, begin by the
aggrieved person finding an attorney and asking for help. The attorney
interviews the client to find out the facts and whether these will support a
lawsuit with sufficient damages to pay for the attorney’s time and to
compensate the plaintiff. (In some situations, such as the breast implant
litigation, the attorneys know the lawsuit they want to bring and advertise for
persons with the appropriate injuries to be plaintiffs.) Once the attorney has
determined that there may be a valid lawsuit, the attorney will sign a contract
to establish the terms of the attorney–client relationship and to document the
client’s permission to proceed with further investigation of the case.