Overview of Catastrophe Funding
Sources and Assessments
As the
residual market mechanism for property insurance in the state, LA Citizens
provides insurance for those entitled to, but unable to, obtain property
insurance in the voluntary market.
To ensure the viability of the residual market in times of catastrophe,
state law grants LA Citizens the authority to assess companies when either the
FAIR Plan or the Coastal Plan incurs a deficit for the plan
year.
Existing Cash and
Investments
In the
normal course of business, LA Citizens utilizes its cash to pay claims,
liquidating investments as necessary to meet demands. This “first line of defense” is no
different in the event of a catastrophe.
Reinsurance
Each year
in accord with its Plan of Operations, LA Citizens buys reinsurance to
supplement its claims-paying capacity in the event of a catastrophe. The amount purchased and the specific
structure of the reinsurance program may vary year to year according to a number
of business factors. As an example,
the reinsurance structure for 2007 is shown below. Under the 2007 structure, in the event
of a catastrophe LA Citizens would pay the first $100 million of losses. After that, reinsurance would cover 90
cents of each dollar over the next $400 million of losses.
Regular
Assessments
In the
event of a plan year deficit in either the FAIR or Coastal Plan, LA Citizens may
declare a Regular Assessment in an amount up to 10% of industry premium for the
assessable lines of business.
Companies writing those lines must remit the amount of the assessment to
LA Citizens, and may then subsequently choose to recoup that amount from their
policyholders over the course of the next year. (Policyholders may, in turn, claim that
amount as a credit against their
Emergency
Assessments
If the plan
year deficit in either the FAIR or Coastal Plan exceeds the amount that can be
recovered through Regular Assessments, LA Citizens may fund the remaining
deficit by issuing revenue assessment bonds in the capital markets. LA Citizens then declares Emergency
Assessments each year to provide debt service on the bonds until they are
retired. Companies writing
assessable lines must surcharge their policyholders in the percentage
established annually by LA Citizens, and must remit amounts collected to the
bond trustee on a quarterly basis.
LA Citizens surcharges its policyholders the same percentages and also
remits those amounts to the bond trustee.
(As in the case of Regular Assessments, policyholders may claim amounts
paid as a credit against state income taxes.)
The
hurricanes of 2005 were so catastrophic that LA Citizens issued $978 million in
Revenue Assessment Bonds to cover its deficit. Emergency Assessments to pay off those
Bonds began in 2007 and will continue until 2025. If collections on assessments exceed
bond requirements, that excess may be used to reduce future assessment
percentages or may be used to retire the bonds before maturity. The graph below shows the projected
Emergency Assessment percent projections as of 9/07.