From the U.S. House of Representatives Downloadable U.S. Code
[uscode.house.gov]
[Laws in effect as of January 5, 1999]
[Document affected by Public Law 104-134 Section 101(d)] 
[Document affected by Public Law 104-140 Section 1(a)]

[CITE: 42USC241]

 
TITLE 42 - THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
    CHAPTER 6A - PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
    SUBCHAPTER II - GENERAL POWERS AND DUTIES
    Part A - Research and Investigations
 
-HEAD-
    Sec. 241. Research and investigations generally
 
-STATUTE-
    (a) Authority of Secretary
      The Secretary shall conduct in the Service, and encourage,
    cooperate with, and render assistance to other appropriate public
    authorities, scientific institutions, and scientists in the conduct
    of, and promote the coordination of, research, investigations,
    experiments, demonstrations, and studies relating to the causes,
    diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of physical and
    mental diseases and impairments of man, including water
    purification, sewage treatment, and pollution of lakes and
    streams.  In carrying out the foregoing the Secretary is authorized
    to -
        (1) collect and make available through publications and other
      appropriate means, information as to, and the practical
      application of, such research and other activities;
        (2) make available research facilities of the Service to
      appropriate public authorities, and to health officials and
      scientists engaged in special study;
        (3) make grants-in-aid to universities, hospitals,
      laboratories, and other public or private institutions, and to
      individuals for such research projects as are recommended by the
      advisory council to the entity of the Department supporting such
      projects and make, upon recommendation of the advisory council to
      the appropriate entity of the Department, grants-in-aid to public
      or nonprofit universities, hospitals, laboratories, and other
      institutions for the general support of their research;
        (4) secure from time to time and for such periods as he deems
      advisable, the assistance and advice of experts, scholars, and
      consultants from the United States or abroad;
        (5) for purposes of study, admit and treat at institutions,
      hospitals, and stations of the Service, persons not otherwise
      eligible for such treatment;
        (6) make available, to health officials, scientists, and
      appropriate public and other nonprofit institutions and
      organizations, technical advice and assistance on the application
      of statistical methods to experiments, studies, and surveys in
      health and medical fields;
        (7) enter into contracts, including contracts for research in
      accordance with and subject to the provisions of law applicable
      to contracts entered into by the military departments under
      sections 2353 and 2354 of title 10, except that determination,
      approval, and certification required thereby shall be by the
      Secretary of Health and Human Services; and
        (8) adopt, upon recommendations of the advisory councils to the
      appropriate entities of the Department or, with respect to mental
      health, the National Advisory Mental Health Council, such
      additional means as the Secretary considers necessary or
      appropriate to carry out the purposes of this section.
    The Secretary may make available to individuals and entities, for
    biomedical and behavioral research, substances and living
    organisms.  Such substances and organisms shall be made available
    under such terms and conditions (including payment for them) as the
    Secretary determines appropriate.
    (b) Testing for carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and
        other harmful biological effects; consultation
      (1) The Secretary shall conduct and may support through grants
    and contracts studies and testing of substances for
    carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and other harmful
    biological effects.  In carrying out this paragraph, the Secretary
    shall consult with entities of the Federal Government, outside of
    the Department of Health and Human Services, engaged in comparable
    activities.  The Secretary, upon request of such an entity and
    under appropriate arrangements for the payment of expenses, may
    conduct for such entity studies and testing of substances for
    carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and other harmful
    biological effects.
      (2)(A) The Secretary shall establish a comprehensive program of
    research into the biological effects of low-level ionizing
    radiation under which program the Secretary shall conduct such
    research and may support such research by others through grants and
    contracts.
      (B) The Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive review of Federal
    programs of research on the biological effects of ionizing
    radiation.
      (3) The Secretary shall conduct and may support through grants
    and contracts research and studies on human nutrition, with
    particular emphasis on the role of nutrition in the prevention and
    treatment of disease and on the maintenance and promotion of
    health, and programs for the dissemination of information
    respecting human nutrition to health professionals and the public.
    In carrying out activities under this paragraph, the Secretary
    shall provide for the coordination of such of these activities as
    are performed by the different divisions within the Department of
    Health and Human Services and shall consult with entities of the
    Federal Government, outside of the Department of Health and Human
    Services, engaged in comparable activities.  The Secretary, upon
    request of such an entity and under appropriate arrangements for
    the payment of expenses, may conduct and support such activities
    for such entity.
      (4) The Secretary shall publish a biennial report which contains
    -
        (A) a list of all substances (i) which either are known to be
      carcinogens or may reasonably be anticipated to be carcinogens
      and (ii) to which a significant number of persons residing in the
      United States are exposed;
        (B) information concerning the nature of such exposure and the
      estimated number of persons exposed to such substances;
        (C) a statement identifying (i) each substance contained in the
      list under subparagraph (A) for which no effluent, ambient, or
      exposure standard has been established by a Federal agency, and
      (ii) for each effluent, ambient, or exposure standard established
      by a Federal agency with respect to a substance contained in the
      list under subparagraph (A), the extent to which, on the basis of
      available medical, scientific, or other data, such standard, and
      the implementation of such standard by the agency, decreases the
      risk to public health from exposure to the substance; and
        (D) a description of (i) each request received during the year
      involved -
          (I) from a Federal agency outside the Department of Health
        and Human Services for the Secretary, or
          (II) from an entity within the Department of Health and Human
        Services to any other entity within the Department,
      to conduct research into, or testing for, the carcinogenicity of
      substances or to provide information described in clause (ii) of
      subparagraph (C), and (ii) how the Secretary and each such other
      entity, respectively, have responded to each such request.
      (5) The authority of the Secretary to enter into any contract for
    the conduct of any study, testing, program, research, or review, or
    assessment under this subsection shall be effective for any fiscal
    year only to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in
    advance in appropriation Acts.
    (c) Diseases not significantly occurring in United States
      The Secretary may conduct biomedical research, directly or
    through grants or contracts, for the identification, control,
    treatment, and prevention of diseases (including tropical diseases)
    which do not occur to a significant extent in the United States.
    (d) Protection of privacy of individuals who are research subjects
      The Secretary may authorize persons engaged in biomedical,
    behavioral, clinical, or other research (including research on
    mental health, including research on the use and effect of alcohol
    and other psychoactive drugs) to protect the privacy of individuals
    who are the subject of such research by withholding from all
    persons not connected with the conduct of such research the names
    or other identifying characteristics of such individuals.  Persons
    so authorized to protect the privacy of such individuals may not be
    compelled in any Federal, State, or local civil, criminal,
    administrative, legislative, or other proceedings to identify such
    individuals.
 
-SOURCE-
    (July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, Sec. 301, 58 Stat. 691; July 3,
    1946, ch. 538, Sec. 7(a), (b), 60 Stat. 423; June 16, 1948, ch.
    481, Sec. 4(e), (f), 62 Stat. 467; June 24, 1948, ch. 621, Sec.
    4(e), (f), 62 Stat. 601; June 25, 1948, ch. 654, Sec. 1, 62 Stat.
    1017; July 3, 1956, ch. 510, Sec. 4, 70 Stat. 490; Pub. L. 86-798,
    Sept. 15, 1960, 74 Stat. 1053; Pub. L. 87-838, Sec. 2, Oct. 17,
    1962, 76 Stat. 1073; Pub. L. 89-115, Sec. 3, Aug. 9, 1965, 79 Stat.
    448; Pub. L. 90-174, Sec. 9, Dec. 5, 1967, 81 Stat. 540; Pub. L.
    91-513, title I, Sec. 3(a), Oct. 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1241; Pub. L.
    91-515, title II, Sec. 292, Oct. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1308; Pub. L.
    92-218, Sec. 6(a)(2), Dec. 23, 1971, 85 Stat. 785; Pub. L. 92-423,
    Sec. 7(b), Sept. 19, 1972, 86 Stat. 687; Pub. L. 93-282, title I,
    Sec. 122(b), May 14, 1974, 88 Stat. 132; Pub. L. 93-348, title I,
    Sec. 104(a)(1), July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 346; Pub. L. 93-352, title
    I, Sec. 111, July 23, 1974, 88 Stat. 360; Pub. L. 94-278, title I,
    Sec. 111, Apr. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 405; Pub. L. 95-622, title II,
    Sec. 261, 262, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3434; Pub. L. 96-88, title V,
    Sec. 509(b), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 695; Pub. L. 99-158, Sec.
    3(a)(5), Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 879; Pub. L. 99-570, title IV,
    Sec. 4021(b)(2), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207-124; Pub. L. 99-660,
    title I, Sec. 104, Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3751; Pub. L. 100-607,
    title I, Sec. 163(1), (2), Nov. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 3062; Pub. L.
    103-43, title XX, Sec. 2009, June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 213.)
 
-MISC1-
                                 AMENDMENTS
      1993 - Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 103-43 substituted ''a biennial
    report'' for ''an annual report'' in introductory provisions.
      1988 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100-607 redesignated concluding
    provisions of subsec. (a) of section 242a of this title as subsec.
    (d) of this section, substituted ''biomedical, behavioral,
    clinical, or other research (including research on mental health,
    including'' for ''research on mental health, including'', and
    substituted ''drugs)'' for ''drugs,''.
      1986 - Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 99-570 struck out ''or, in the
    case of mental health projects, by the National Advisory Mental
    Health Council;'' after ''Department supporting such projects'' and
    struck out ''or the National Advisory Mental Health Council'' after
    ''appropriate entity of the Department''.
      Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99-660 added subsec. (c).
      1985 - Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 99-158, Sec. 3(a)(5)(A),
    substituted ''as are recommended by the advisory council to the
    entity of the Department supporting such projects or, in the case
    of mental health projects, by the National Advisory Mental Health
    Council; and make, upon recommendation of the advisory council to
    the appropriate entity of the Department or the National Advisory
    Mental Health Council, grants-in-aid to public or nonprofit
    universities, hospitals, laboratories, and other institutions for
    the general support of their research'' for ''as are recommended by
    the National Advisory Health Council, or, with respect to cancer,
    recommended by the National Cancer Advisory Board, or, with respect
    to mental health, recommended by the National Advisory Mental
    Health Council, or with respect to heart, blood vessel, lung, and
    blood diseases and blood resources, recommended by the National
    Heart, Lung, and Blood Advisory Council, or, with respect to dental
    diseases and conditions, recommended by the National Advisory
    Dental Research Council; and include in the grants for any such
    project grants of penicillin and other antibiotic compounds for use
    in such project; and make, upon recommendation of the National
    Advisory Health Council, grants-in-aid to public or nonprofit
    universities, hospitals, laboratories, and other institutions for
    the general support of their research: Provided, That such uniform
    percentage, not to exceed 15 per centum, as the Secretary may
    determine, of the amounts provided for grants for research projects
    for any fiscal year through the appropriations for the National
    Institutes of Health may be transferred from such appropriations to
    a separate account to be available for such research grants-in-aid
    for such fiscal year''.
      Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 99-158, Sec. 3(a)(5)(B), substituted
    ''recommendations of the advisory councils to the appropriate
    entities of the Department or, with respect to mental health, the
    National Advisory Mental Health Council, such additional means as
    the Secretary considers'' for ''recommendation of the National
    Advisory Health Council, or, with respect to cancer, upon
    recommendation of the National Cancer Advisory Board, or, with
    respect to mental health, upon recommendation of the National
    Advisory Mental Health Council, or, with respect to heart, blood
    vessel, lung, and blood diseases and blood resources, upon
    recommendation of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Advisory
    Council, or, with respect to dental diseases and conditions, upon
    recommendations of the National Advisory Dental Research Council,
    such additional means as he deems''.
      1978 - Pub. L. 95-622 designated existing provisions as subsec.
    (a), redesignated former pars. (a) to (h) as (1) to (8),
    respectively, substituted ''Secretary'' for ''Surgeon General''
    wherever appearing, and inserted following par. (8) provisions
    relating to authority of Secretary to make available to individuals
    and entities substances and living organisms, and added subsec.
    (b).
      1976 - Subsecs. (c), (h). Pub. L. 94-278 substituted ''heart,
    blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases and blood resources'' for
    ''heart diseases'' and ''National Heart, Lung and Blood Advisory
    Council'' for ''National Heart and Lung Advisory Council''.
      1974 - Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 93-348, Sec. 104(a)(1), redesignated
    subsec. (d) as (c) and substituted ''research projects'' for
    ''research or research training projects'' in two places, ''general
    support of their research'' for ''general support of their research
    and research training programs'' and ''research grants-in-aid'' for
    ''research and research training program grants-in-aid''.  Former
    subsec. (c), authorizing Surgeon General to establish and maintain
    research fellowships in the Public Health Service with such
    stipends and allowances, including traveling and subsistence
    expenses, as he may deem necessary to procure the assistance of the
    most brilliant and promising research fellows from the United
    States and abroad, was struck out.
      Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 93-348, Sec. 104(a)(1)(C), redesignated
    subsec. (e) as (d).
      Pub. L. 93-282 substituted ''mental health, including research on
    the use and effect of alcohol and other psychoactive drugs'' for
    ''the use and effect of drugs'' in former concluding provisions of
    section 242a(a) of this title.  See 1988 Amendment note above.
      Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 93-348, Sec. 104(a)(1)(C),
    redesignated subsecs. (f) and (g) as (e) and (f), respectively.
    Former subsec. (e) redesignated (d).
      Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 93-352 struck out ''during the fiscal year
    ending June 30, 1966, and each of the eight succeeding fiscal
    years'' after ''Enter into contracts''.  Notwithstanding directory
    language that amendment be made to subsec. (h), the amendment was
    executed to subsec. (g) to reflect the probable intent of Congress
    and the intervening redesignation of subsec. (h) as (g) by Pub. L.
    93-348.
      Pub. L. 93-348, Sec. 104(a)(1)(C), redesignated subsec. (h) as
    (g). Former subsec. (g) redesignated (f).
      Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 93-348, Sec. 104(a)(1)(C),
    redesignated subsecs. (h) and (i) as (g) and (h), respectively.
      1972 - Subsecs. (d), (i). Pub. L. 92-423 substituted ''National
    Heart and Lung Advisory Council'' for ''National Advisory Heart
    Council''.
      1971 - Subsecs. (d), (i). Pub. L. 92-218 substituted ''National
    Cancer Advisory Board'' for ''National Advisory Cancer Council''.
      1970 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 91-513 added subsec. (d). See 1988
    Amendment note above.
      Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 91-515 substituted ''eight'' for ''five''
    succeeding fiscal years.
      1967 - Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 90-174 substituted ''five'' for
    ''two'' succeeding fiscal years.
      1965 - Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 89-115 added subsec. (h) and
    redesignated former subsec. (h) as (i).
      1962 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 87-838 inserted ''or research
    training'' in two places.
      1960 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 86-798 authorized the Surgeon
    General, upon recommendation of the National Advisory Health
    Council, to make grants to public or non-profit universities,
    hospitals, laboratories, and other institutions to support research
    and research training programs, and to make available for such
    research and research training programs, up to 15 per centum of
    amounts provided for research grants through the appropriations for
    the National Institutes of Health.
      1956 - Subsecs. (g), (h). Act July 3, 1956, added subsec. (g) and
    redesignated former subsec. (g) as (h).
      1948 - Subsec. (d). Acts June 16, 1948, Sec. 4(e), and June 24,
    1948, Sec. 4(e), made provisions applicable to the National
    Advisory Heart Council and the National Advisory Dental Research
    Council, respectively.
      Subsec. (d). Act June 25, 1948, continued in basic legislation
    the authority to purchase penicillin and other antibiotic compounds
    for use in research projects.
      Subsec. (g). Acts June 16, 1948, Sec. 4(f), and June 24, 1948,
    Sec. 4(f), made provisions applicable to the National Advisory
    Heart Council and the National Advisory Dental Research Council,
    respectively.
      1946 - Subsec. (d). Act July 3, 1946, made the National Advisory
    Mental Health Council the body to make recommendations to the
    Surgeon General on awarding of grants-in-aid for research projects
    with respect to mental health.
      Subsec. (g). Act July 3, 1946, gave National Advisory Health
    Council the right to make recommendations to carry out purposes of
    this section.
 
-CHANGE-
                               CHANGE OF NAME
      ''Secretary of Health and Human Services'' substituted for
    ''Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare'' in subsec. (a)(7),
    and ''Department of Health and Human Services'' substituted for
    ''Department of Health, Education, and Welfare'' in subsec. (b)(1),
    (3), and (4)(D)(I), (II), pursuant to section 509(b) of Pub. L.
    96-88 which is classified to section 3508(b) of Title 20,
    Education.
 
-MISC4-
                      EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
      Sections 261 and 262 of Pub. L. 95-622 provided that the
    amendments made by those sections are effective Oct. 1, 1978.
                      EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1974 AMENDMENT
      Section 104(b) of Pub. L. 93-348 provided that: ''The amendments
    made by subsection (a) (amending this section and sections 242a,
    282, 286a, 286b, 287a, 287b, 287d, 288a, 289c, 289c-1, 289g, 289k,
    and heading preceding section 289l of this title) shall not apply
    with respect to commitments made before the date of the enactment
    of this Act (July 12, 1974) by the Secretary of Health, Education,
    and Welfare for research training under the provisions of the
    Public Health Service Act amended or repealed by subsection (a).''
                      EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1972 AMENDMENT
      Amendment by Pub. L. 92-423 effective 60 days after Sept. 19,
    1972, or on such prior date after Sept. 19, 1972, as the President
    shall prescribe and publish in the Federal Register, see section 9
    of Pub. L. 92-423, set out as a note under section 218 of this
    title.
                      EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1971 AMENDMENT
      Amendment by Pub. L. 92-218 effective 60 days after Dec. 23,
    1971, or on such prior date after Dec. 23, 1971, as the President
    shall prescribe and publish in the Federal Register, see section 7
    of Pub. L. 92-218, set out as a note under section 218 of this
    title.
                         FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION
      Pub. L. 104-134, title I, Sec. 101(d) (title V, Sec. 520), Apr.
    26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321-211, 1321-250; renumbered title I, Pub. L.
    104-140, Sec. 1(a), May 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1327, provided that:
      ''(a) Congress finds that -
        ''(1) the practice of female genital mutilation is carried out
      by members of certain cultural and religious groups within the
      United States; and
        ''(2) the practice of female genital mutilation often results
      in the occurrence of physical and psychological health effects
      that harm the women involved.
      ''(b) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall do the
    following:
        ''(1) Compile data on the number of females living in the
      United States who have been subjected to female genital
      mutilation (whether in the United States or in their countries of
      origin), including a specification of the number of girls under
      the age of 18 who have been subjected to such mutilation.
        ''(2) Identify communities in the United States that practice
      female genital mutilation, and design and carry out outreach
      activities to educate individuals in the communities on the
      physical and psychological health effects of such practice.  Such
      outreach activities shall be designed and implemented in
      collaboration with representatives of the ethnic groups
      practicing such mutilation and with representatives of
      organizations with expertise in preventing such practice.
        ''(3) Develop recommendations for the education of students of
      schools of medicine and osteopathic medicine regarding female
      genital mutilation and complications arising from such
      mutilation.  Such recommendations shall be disseminated to such
      schools.
      ''(c) For purposes of this section the term 'female genital
    mutilation' means the removal or infibulation (or both) of the
    whole or part of the clitoris, the labia minor, or the labia major.
      ''(d) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall commence
    carrying out this section not later than 90 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act (Apr. 26, 1996).''
                       SENTINEL DISEASE CONCEPT STUDY
      Section 1910 of Pub. L. 103-43 directed Secretary of Health and
    Human Services, in cooperation with Agency for Toxic Substances and
    Disease Registry and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to
    design and implement a pilot sentinel disease surveillance system
    for identifying relationship between occupation of household
    members and incidence of subsequent conditions or diseases in other
    members of household, and required Director of the National
    Institutes of Health to prepare and submit to Congress, not later
    than 4 years after June 10, 1993, a report concerning this project.
             STUDY OF THYROID MORBIDITY FOR HANFORD, WASHINGTON
      Section 161 of Pub. L. 100-607, as amended by Pub. L. 102-531,
    title III, Sec. 312(e)(1), Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3506, directed
    Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through Director of
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to conduct a study of
    thyroid morbidity of the population, including Indian tribes and
    tribal organizations, in vicinity of Hanford, in State of
    Washington, authorized Director to contract out portions of study,
    and required Director, not later than 42 months after Nov. 4, 1988,
    to transmit a report, including such study, to Congress, chief
    executive officers of States of Oregon and Washington, and
    governing officials of Indian tribes in vicinity of Hanford,
    Washington.
              NATIONAL COMMISSION ON SLEEP DISORDERS RESEARCH
      Section 162 of Pub. L. 100-607 directed Secretary of Health and
    Human Services, after consultation with Director of National
    Institutes of Health, to establish a National Commission on Sleep
    Disorders Research to conduct a comprehensive study of present
    state of knowledge of incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and
    mortality resulting from sleep disorders, and of social and
    economic impact of such disorders, evaluate public and private
    facilities and resources (including trained personnel and research
    activities) available for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of,
    and research into, such disorders, and identify programs (including
    biological, physiological, behavioral, environmental, and social
    programs) by which improvement in management and research into
    sleep disorders could be accomplished and, not later than 18 months
    after initial meeting of Commission, to submit to appropriate
    Committees of Congress a final report, and provided for termination
    of the Commission 30 days after submission of final report.
           RESEARCH WITH RESPECT TO HEALTH RESOURCES AND SERVICES
                               ADMINISTRATION
      Section 632 of Pub. L. 100-607 provided that with respect to any
    program of research pursuant to this chapter, any such program
    carried out in fiscal year 1987 by an agency other than Health
    Resources and Services Administration (or appropriate to be carried
    out by such an agency) could not, for each of fiscal years 1989
    through 1991, be carried out by such Administration.
        CONTINUING CARE FOR PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS IN FORMER CLINICAL
            RESEARCH CENTER AT NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
      Pub. L. 99-117, Sec. 10, Oct. 7, 1985, 99 Stat. 494, provided
    that: ''In any fiscal year beginning after September 30, 1981, from
    funds appropriated for carrying out section 301 of the Public
    Health Service Act (this section) with respect to mental health,
    the Secretary of Health and Human Services may provide, by contract
    or otherwise, for the continuing care of psychiatric patients who
    were under active and continuous treatment at the National
    Institute on Drug Abuse Clinical Research Center on the date such
    Clinical Research Center ceased operations.''
          ANALYSIS OF THYROID CANCER; CREATION AND PUBLICATION OF
                        RADIOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL TABLES
      Pub. L. 97-414, Sec. 7, Jan. 4, 1983, 96 Stat. 2059, provided
    that:
      ''(a) In carrying out section 301 of the Public Health Service
    Act (this section), the Secretary of Health and Human Services
    shall -
        ''(1) conduct scientific research and prepare analyses
      necessary to develop valid and credible assessments of the risks
      of thyroid cancer that are associated with thyroid doses of
      Iodine 131;
        ''(2) conduct scientific research and prepare analyses
      necessary to develop valid and credible methods to estimate the
      thyroid doses of Iodine 131 that are received by individuals from
      nuclear bomb fallout;
        ''(3) conduct scientific research and prepare analyses
      necessary to develop valid and credible assessments of the
      exposure to Iodine 131 that the American people received from the
      Nevada atmospheric nuclear bomb tests; and
        ''(4) prepare and transmit to the Congress within one year
      after the date of enactment of this Act (Jan. 4, 1983) a report
      with respect to the activities conducted in carrying out
      paragraphs (1), (2), and (3).
      ''(b)(1) Within one year after the date of enactment of this Act
    (Jan. 4, 1983), the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall
    devise and publish radioepidemiological tables that estimate the
    likelihood that persons who have or have had any of the radiation
    related cancers and who have received specific doses prior to the
    onset of such disease developed cancer as a result of these doses.
    These tables shall show a probability of causation of developing
    each radiation related cancer associated with receipt of doses
    ranging from 1 millirad to 1,000 rads in terms of sex, age at time
    of exposure, time from exposure to the onset of the cancer in
    question, and such other categories as the Secretary, after
    consulting with appropriate scientific experts, determines to be
    relevant.  Each probability of causation shall be calculated and
    displayed as a single percentage figure.
      ''(2) At the time the Secretary of Health and Human Services
    publishes the tables pursuant to paragraph (1), such Secretary
    shall also publish -
        ''(A) for the tables of each radiation related cancer, an
      evaluation which will assess the credibility, validity, and
      degree of certainty associated with such tables; and
        ''(B) a compilation of the formulas that yielded the
      probabilities of causation listed in such tables.  Such formulas
      shall be published in such a manner and together with information
      necessary to determine the probability of causation of any
      individual who has or has had a radiation related cancer and has
      received any given dose.
      ''(3) The tables specified in paragraph (1) and the formulas
    specified in paragraph (2) shall be devised from the best available
    data that are most applicable to the United States, and shall be
    devised in accordance with the best available scientific procedures
    and expertise.  The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall
    update these tables and formulas every four years, or whenever he
    deems it necessary to insure that they continue to represent the
    best available scientific data and expertise.''
                     TERMINATION OF ADVISORY COMMITTEES
      Pub. L. 93-641, Sec. 6, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2275, set out as a
    note under section 217a of this title, provided that an advisory
    committee established pursuant to the Public Health Service Act
    shall terminate at such time as may be specifically prescribed by
    an Act of Congress enacted after Jan. 4, 1975.
 
-SECREF-
                   SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
      This section is referred to in sections 242, 242a, 254c, 263,
    282, 284, 284f, 7610 of this title.